Aerosol Fire Extinguishing Agent (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)

专利摘要:
Aerosol fire extinguishing agent for a household fire extinguisher, comprising a foam concentrate in a percentage between 5 and 25%, distilled water in a percentage between 74 and 85% and a propellant gas compressed to a pressure between 6 and 10 bars, where this propellant gas is formed by nitrogen in a percentage comprised between 0.4 and 0.8%, where these values refer to percentages on the weight of the final product. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
公开号:ES2753925A1
申请号:ES201830980
申请日:2018-10-10
公开日:2020-04-14
发明作者:Alustiza Juan Manuel Garcia
申请人:Caramba S L；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001]
[0002] Aerosol Fire Extinguishing Agent
[0003]
[0004] Technical field of the invention
[0005]
[0006] The present invention corresponds to the technical field of aerosol fire extinguisher products, used for household fire extinguishers.
[0007]
[0008] Background of the Invention
[0009]
[0010] Currently there is a clearly widespread use, by necessity and by fire protection regulations, of fire extinguishers and other protection devices, in establishments and areas of use of the sectors included in the scope of said regulation.
[0011]
[0012] However, there are other environments in which the existence of a fire extinguisher itself is not mandatory, such as in the domestic environment, they have a high probability of registering small outbreaks of fire that, if not controlled in time, can lead to a fire of greater magnitudes and consequences.
[0013]
[0014] In many everyday situations, a small fire can develop, which in case of acting in the first moments after its appearance, can be easily controlled with a simple rag or piece of cloth soaked in water. In a short space of time this is no longer sufficient and it requires a fire extinguisher to extinguish it and, if not, it leads to a fire of greater consequences.
[0015]
[0016] Although the appearance of fire can occur in any area of the house, it is normally more frequent in the kitchen, and is often produced by a frying pan with excessively heated oil. In this case, the existence of a fire extinguisher can resolve the situation quickly and easily. However, if they do not exist, the user may be tempted to put out the fire by pouring water on the pan, either by mistake, ignorance or by the nerves themselves at the time. This would cause the oil to jump out and spread the fire to other places in the kitchen, greatly complicating the situation.
[0017] Therefore, it is really necessary that in these environments there is an effective small fire suppression instrument that avoids situations of greater danger.
[0018]
[0019] However, the use of fire protection systems is usually limited to those cases in which the regulations determine their mandatory implementation and in the remaining cases, it is up to the users to decide whether or not to purchase items such as a fire extinguisher.
[0020]
[0021] Regulatory fire extinguishers require a periodic revision that has a cost, making them unattractive, in addition they are usually heavy devices and with modes of operation that are not always easy for any user to use. This means that, in practice, many homes or similar environments do not have any element of fire fighting, with the problem that this implies.
[0022]
[0023] To solve this situation, extinguishing devices for domestic use, alternative to the extinguisher, appeared in the state of the art, smaller than the normative ones, which do not require revisions or controls and whose handling is much easier, such as a container with traditional spray. Their capacity is logically less, but they are effective in extinguishing small incipient fires, thus preventing them from becoming larger fires.
[0024]
[0025] These alternative extinguishing devices are easily manageable by users of any age, both for their lower weight and for their simplicity of activation.
[0026]
[0027] On the other hand, these extinguishing devices usually have an aerosol extinguishing agent inside, the composition of which is made up of a foam concentrate that, combined with water, turns into a foam that is very effective at smothering the fire. The problem is that the presence of a gas that is capable of propelling it to the outside is necessary for the escape of said foam concentrate.
[0028]
[0029] In this sense, the largest standard fire extinguishers use a compressed gas that is capable of acting as a propellant for the foam formed by the extinguishing agent. The compressed gas, however, is not capable on its own of maintaining a uniform pressure of the aerosol from the beginning of the outlet until it ends, because as the product comes out the aerosol will lose pressure. In this way, the product would come out with great force at first but quickly lose it, without giving time to put down the intended fire.
[0030] In order to keep the gas inside the fire extinguisher at a constant pressure, this being the pressure necessary for the foam to come out uniformly with the same characteristics regardless of the amount of product remaining inside the fire extinguisher, a pressure reducer or pressure reducing valve, which keeps the pressure of the compressed gas stable from the start.
[0031]
[0032] This element is of high economic cost, which means that in alternative extinguishing devices that have appeared for domestic use, other solutions have had to be found, since the use of a container with this element is not feasible both economically and technically, given the small size of the container for this type of fire extinguishers.
[0033]
[0034] One of the options that appears is the one that replaces the compressed gas with a liquefied gas such as propel-45 or similar.
[0035]
[0036] Being a liquefied gas, it maintains stable pressure inside the home extinguisher container from start to finish, allowing the extinguishing agent to foam out evenly.
[0037]
[0038] However, extinguishers made in this way present a serious drawback, since this type of liquefied gas is a flammable gas, as is the content of most hairspray sprays, deodorants, air fresheners, insecticides ...
[0039]
[0040] Thus, although it is an extinguisher that manages to make the extinguishing foam go out constantly from start to finish, inside this foam there are contained flammable gas particles that pose a risk by being able to generate an increase in fire instead of achieving its extinction.
[0041]
[0042] That is why these types of fire extinguishers are currently prohibited by European Regulations and by common sense.
[0043]
[0044] To solve this other drawback that arose with extinguishers that use flammable liquefied gases, another type of extinguishers appeared that solved the problem of the constant leakage of the foam by another gas, tetrafluoroethane R-134A or the like.
[0045] This is a non-flammable, high-density liquefied refrigerant gas, which was the only alternative to propel-45. However, as it is a fluorinated gas, its use is restricted for environmental reasons, so it is not possible to opt for this solution either. On the other hand, it has a high cost that also makes its use unfeasible for economic reasons.
[0046]
[0047] Thus, there is currently no aerosol extinguishing agent for fire extinguishers for domestic use that without using gases with environmental drawbacks or the flammability of the gas itself, achieves a uniform output over time.
[0048]
[0049] Description of the Invention
[0050]
[0051] The aerosol fire extinguishing agent for a household fire extinguisher presented here comprises a foam concentrate in a percentage between 5 and 25%, distilled water in a percentage between 74 and 85% and, a gas compressed propellant at a pressure of between 6 and 10 bar.
[0052]
[0053] Said propellant gas is formed by nitrogen in a percentage comprised between 0.4 and 0.8%.
[0054]
[0055] The values indicated refer to percentages on the weight of the final product.
[0056]
[0057] With the aerosol fire extinguishing agent proposed here, a significant improvement in the state of the art is obtained.
[0058]
[0059] This is so with the aforementioned elements and the proportions thereof indicated, an aerosol extinguishing agent is achieved which, despite being formed by compressed gas, is capable of maintaining a very uniform output of the foam produced from start to finish. agent departure.
[0060]
[0061] This is achieved with a basic extinguishing device, without the need for a pressure reducer that would increase costs.
[0062]
[0063] In addition, it is achieved with a gas such as nitrogen, which is neither combustible nor harmful to the environment.
[0064] It results in a low expansion foam, which complies with the EN-1568-3 requirements and the foam used is a synthetic foam against hydrocarbon fires and class A (solid) fires. It manages to extinguish the fire by suffocation, by isolating the fuel from the surrounding environment, also exerting a certain cooling action due to the water it contains.
[0065]
[0066] It achieves rapid extinction and provides excellent protection against reignition.
[0067]
[0068] Thus, an aerosol fire extinguishing agent is obtained that is very effective in extinguishing fires in domestic environments and solves the drawbacks that fire extinguishers of this type have had to date.
[0069]
[0070] In addition, its use is applied to fire extinguishers for domestic use that are small in size and therefore easy to handle by users of any age and have an easy and intuitive use, which makes it possible for the user to be able to make use of an incipient fire. getting the same extinction.
[0071]
[0072] Detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention
[0073]
[0074] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the aerosol fire extinguishing agent, for a household fire extinguisher proposed herein, comprises a foam concentrate in a percentage comprised between 5 and 25%, in this embodiment being a percentage of 15% preferably.
[0075]
[0076] The extinguishing agent in turn comprises distilled water in a percentage comprised between 74 and 85%, being in this proposed embodiment and preferably, a percentage of 84.4%.
[0077]
[0078] Finally, the extinguishing agent comprises a compressed propellant gas at a pressure of between 6 and 10 bars, where this propellant gas is formed by nitrogen in a percentage comprised between 0.4 and 0.8%.
[0079]
[0080] In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the percentage of propellant gas, that is, of nitrogen, is 0.6% and this is compressed at a pressure of 8 bar.
[0081]
[0082] All these values refer to percentages on the weight of the final product.
[0083] In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the foam concentrate has a density of between 1070 and 1090 kg / m3, for a temperature of 20 ° C.
[0084]
[0085] Furthermore, said foam concentrate has a freezing temperature of less than -10 ° C and a pH of between 6 and 8.
[0086]
[0087] Furthermore, in this preferred embodiment of the invention, the foam concentrate is formed by an aqueous solution of surfactants.
[0088]
[0089] This aqueous surfactant solution comprises at least potassium acetate in a percentage greater than or equal to 2% and less than 10%, 2- (2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol in a percentage greater than or equal to 5% and less than 10% , ethanediol in a percentage greater than or equal to 0.5% and less than 3% and a mixture of fluorinated surfactants in a percentage greater than or equal to 0.5% and less than 3%.
[0090]
[0091] The described embodiment constitutes only an example of the present invention, therefore, the specific details, terms and phrases used herein are not to be considered as limiting, but are to be understood only as a basis for claims and as a representative basis that provides an understandable description as well as sufficient information to the person skilled in the art to apply the present invention.

权利要求:
Claims (1)
[0001]
1- Aerosol fire extinguishing agent for a household fire extinguisher, characterized in that it comprises a foam concentrate in a percentage between 5 and 25%, distilled water in a percentage between 74 and 85% and, a gas compressed propellant at a pressure of between 6 and 10 bars, where this propellant gas consists of nitrogen in a percentage comprised between 0.4 and 0.8%, where these values refer to percentages on the weight of the final product.
2- Aerosol fire extinguishing agent, according to claim 1, characterized in that the foam concentrate has a density of between 1070 and 1090 kg / m3, for a temperature of 20 ° C.
3- Aerosol fire extinguishing agent, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foam concentrate has a freezing temperature of less than -10 ° C.
4- Aerosol fire extinguishing agent, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foam concentrate has a pH between 6 and 8.
5- Aerosol fire extinguishing agent, according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foam concentrate is formed by an aqueous solution of surfactants that comprises at least potassium acetate in a percentage greater than or equal to 2% and less than 10 %, 2- (2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol in a percentage greater than or equal to 5% and less than 10%, ethanediol in a percentage greater than or equal to 0.5% and less than 3% and a mixture of fluorinated surfactants in a percentage greater than or equal to 0.5% and less than 3%.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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ES2753925B2|2020-09-10|

引用文献:

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公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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WO2006093811A2|2005-02-25|2006-09-08|Fedex Corporation|Multi-class fire extinguishing agent|

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GB2430879A|2005-10-07|2007-04-11|Weatherford Lamb|Floating foam for fire fighting|

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US20080217026A1|2007-03-09|2008-09-11|On Site Gas Systems, Inc.|Composition for fighting fire, device for use therewith and methods of making and using|

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优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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ES201830980A|ES2753925B2|2018-10-10|2018-10-10|Aerosol fire extinguishing agent|ES201830980A| ES2753925B2|2018-10-10|2018-10-10|Aerosol fire extinguishing agent|